Dark Spots and Hyperpigmentation

Protect before correcting

The AAD advises that effective dark-spot care begins with sunscreen. For hyperpigmentation, a tinted broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher with iron oxides can add protection from visible light. Reapply when outdoors according to the product directions, and combine it with shade and clothing.

Choose actives with a purpose

Azelaic acid can help both acne and the marks left after it. A small randomised trial of 20% azelaic acid for post-acne marks found improvement over 12 weeks, but a single study cannot predict an individual result. The AAD also lists retinoids and vitamin C among options that may fade some dark spots. A product that irritates your skin may cause new marks, especially in deeper skin tones.

Introduce one active gradually, follow the label, and keep moisturising. During pregnancy, ask a clinician before using actives; the AAD advises avoiding retinoids.

Know when to seek a diagnosis

Not every dark patch is post-acne pigmentation. Melasma and other conditions may need different treatment. A spot that changes shape, bleeds or looks unusual should be assessed by a qualified clinician rather than covered with cosmetic products.